E-Way Bill for Road Freight in India: Rules & How to Generate

When is an e-way bill required?

An e-way bill is generally mandatory when goods worth more than ₹50,000 are moved between locations, whether for a sale, a transfer, or a return. Some states and specific goods have their own thresholds and exemptions, so check the rules for your route and commodity.

Part A and Part B

The e-way bill has two parts. Part A captures the consignment details — GSTINs, invoice number, value and HSN code. Part B captures the transporter ID and the vehicle number. Goods should not move on the road until Part B is filled and the bill is active, except within short local distances where relaxations apply.

• Part A — invoice, value, HSN, consignor and consignee GSTIN
• Part B — transporter ID and vehicle registration number

How long is an e-way bill valid?

Validity is distance-based. As a broad rule, an e-way bill is valid for one day for every 200 km (with longer allowances for over-dimensional cargo). If a shipment is delayed beyond validity, the bill can be extended within the permitted window on the portal.

How to generate an e-way bill

E-way bills are generated free on the official portal (ewaybillgst.gov.in) or via the mobile app and API. Log in with your GST credentials, fill Part A from the invoice, add the transporter and vehicle in Part B, and generate the bill and its unique number (EBN). Keep the EBN accessible with the goods during transit.